Cretan tools point to 130,000-year-old sea travel

January 3, 2011
The stone tools from Crete are at least 130,000 years old, the archaeologists said

Enlarge

An picture provided by the Greek Ministry of Culture shows stone tools found on Crete. Greek and American archaeologists on the island say the tools, which they believe are at least 130,000 years old, show that early humans could navigate across open water thousands of years earlier than previously thought.

Greece's culture ministry says archaeologists on the island of Crete have discovered what may be evidence of one of the world's earliest sea voyages by humans.

A ministry statement says from Greece and the U.S. have found rough and other tools thought to be between 130,000 and 700,000 years old in shelters on the island's south coast.

Crete has been separated from the mainland for about five million years, so whoever made the tools must have traveled there by sea (a distance of at least 40 miles).

Stone tools found on southwestern Crete island
Enlarge

An undated handout picture provided by the Greek Ministry of Culture shows stone tools found on southwestern Crete island. Archaeologists on the Greek island of Crete have found startling evidence that early humans were capable of navigation at least 130,000 years ago, the Greek culture ministry said.

The previous earliest evidence of open-sea travel in Greece dates back 11,000 years (worldwide, about 60,000 years - although considerably earlier dates have been proposed).

The ministry said Monday it is to conduct a more thorough of the area.

©2010 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

4.3 /5 (23 votes)  

Filter


Move the slider to adjust rank threshold, so that you can hide some of the comments.


Display comments: newest first

Gary7
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 2.3 / 5 (4)
If the dates prove correct, wouldn't this be before modern humans arrived in Europe? Therefor the tools should have been made by Neanderthals?
plaasjaapie
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 2.3 / 5 (8)
Yeah, it does except the Israelis have just found modern Homo Sap. teeth dating back 400,000 years BP in Israel. Looks like the "Out of Africa" folks are in for a lot of pain and suffering. Not that they don't deserve it, mind. If you only look for man in Africa you're likely to only find him there. :-)
Pyle
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 3 / 5 (4)
Gary7,
Per the recent report on remains found at the site in Israel, our previous estimation of when Ark Fleet Ship B landed was off by a couple hundred thousand years.
Djincs
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
And how exactly you can date how old is stone thing, you can date when this stone turn solid from magma, but how you know when it is chissled, erosion?
GSwift7
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (5)
lol, Gary7, that name is a bit similar to my own, and my first name is Gary. I certainly hope people know that I'm not you.

@Djincs: As far as I know, they have to date the things they dig up next a stone object, so if someone dug a hole and burried those tools, it could throw the age off a bit. I'm guessing that's why they are waiting to dig up more stuff around the area so that they can try to rule out an incorrect age. I believe they look at a number of different factors. In that region, there is likely to be volcanic layers of ash with relatively well-known ages that should help with dates.
Parsec
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 4.4 / 5 (10)
Yeah, it does except the Israelis have just found modern Homo Sap. teeth dating back 400,000 years BP in Israel. Looks like the "Out of Africa" folks are in for a lot of pain and suffering. Not that they don't deserve it, mind. If you only look for man in Africa you're likely to only find him there. :-)

Mindless dribble. Lack of evidence is not evidence of anything. Finding Homo S. anywhere doesn't mean that older fossils don't exist in Africa, its just that they haven't been found yet. It doesn't mean that I believe the Out of Africa hypothesis, or that the evidence for it is overwhelming by any means. I am complaining about your awesome misunderstanding of science overall.
thales
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (9)
It seems awfully unlikely that humans didn't come out of Africa, when pre-human primate fossils are found there.

@ plaasjaapie: I'm curious why you think the "Out of Africa" folks are in for a lot of pain and deserve it.

@ Parsec: I think the word you want there is "drivel".
sstritt
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (4)
Gary7,
Per the recent report on remains found at the site in Israel, our previous estimation of when Ark Fleet Ship B landed was off by a couple hundred thousand years.

Did they find the captain's bath tub yet?
Mandan
Jan 03, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (8)
The "Out Of Africa" hypothesis is based mostly on genetic evidence and states a very specific hypothesis that involves the appearance of modern H. sapiens withing the past 200,000 years or more recently in Africa, and their complete replacement of other non-fully H. sapiens around the globe.

In competition with it is the "Multi-Regional" hypothesis, which does not deny that humans originated in Africa, but rather by invoking more fossil evidence argues that all forms of Homo (erectus, neanderthalesis, etc) continued to evolve towards modern H. sapiens around the Old World in multiple populations connected over large distances through gene flow, rather than a total, recent replacement of the rest by "out of Africa" immigrants arriving quite recently with superior brains, tools, weapons and culture giving them the edge over all the others.

Both accomodate Africa as the continent of ultimate origin of all Homo groups.
fixer
Jan 04, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
Err people, "Africa" is a political term only a few hundred years old, Israel is quite a bit younger!

200,000 years ago the land mass was significantly larger due to lower sea levels and so easier to access from modern Asia and Europe, in fact they could all be considered the same landmass since no one but a few hunter gatherers lived there to say otherwise!
GaryB
Jan 04, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
There's a general theme now that modern human skulls have been found earlier and so have associated modern human type activities. IMHO, modern type humans ~0.5M years ago were capable of many technological feats, it just took relatively recent build up of population and density to foist civilization on us.
Skepticus
Jan 04, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
oops, reported gary7 by mistake, sorry!
DaveMart
Jan 04, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
The actual remains of truly human habitation they have discovered, in, for instance, SE Asia, tend to be coastal. The assumption has been that this was con-incidental, and the spread of modern humans was by foot-sloggers.
The least hypothesis however, given any sort of archaeological backing at all, is that they went by boat.
Pyle
Jan 04, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (2)
There's a general theme now that modern human skulls have been found earlier

Where? How did I miss that? I'd seen some pre-Erectus skulls were found, and, I posit, these could be tool users, but nothing "modern". Excepting the Israeli cave dig.

The "Multi-Regional" hypothesis seems flawed in that DNA evidence seems to support a common ancestor came later, so the fossils might suggest lost branches rather than converging streams. I'm sure the last early human fossil hasn't been found yet.

I'm still placing a side bet on Ark Fleet Ship B. The bath tub will tell.
Pyle
Jan 04, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
Wow! That didn't come out right...
I meant to say DNA evidence seems to support a common ancestor came earlier, not later.

After looking around some more I see some recent DNA work that suggests that interbreeding with existing European and Asian species may have taken place after the "Out of Africa" homo sapien migration 40-50,000 years ago. This is in contrast to earlier work I was aware of that contended there was no such mixing.

Anyway, I don't see how naval capacity changes the verdict on the "Out of Africa" hypothesis. The fossil record has shown distinct Neanderthal, Erectus, etc. coexisting in areas with the "Out of Africa" homo sapiens.

ormondotvos
Jan 05, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
It's possible to accidentally go forty miles on a raft or small dugout canoe. Navigation? Directional, maybe. Winds blow back and forth.

I fail to see the relevance, though. I think it's just headlining, like the Israeli tooth puffery.
mathman141
Jan 06, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
Before we rush to the conclusion that they made boats to get to Crete, where is the direct evidence? It's purely circumstantial at this point. How do we know these are relics from humans? Were the stone tools buried in rock? If not, then how do we know they weren't brought onto the island later? There is no information here about the dated methods. 130,000-400,000 years is a big range. Dates have been known to be wrong before. How do we know that a few people didn't float to the island on something? Not only does this fly in the face of the once 'established' Out-of-Africa model, it also flies in the face of the theories about the evolution of human intelligence. You are telling me that people from 200,000 (or even before) to 50,000 years ago were highly intelligent but didn't invent writing, cities, etc.? How do we know that during the Weichselian ice age, when the sea levels were lower, that there couldn't have been shallow water (or land) that allowed them to walk there?
mathman141
Jan 06, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
Actually, people can swim well over 100 miles, so for all we know it was some champion swimmers who went to Crete. Someone was able to swim from Mexico to Cuba. So, why isn't that a possible answer, also?
Paljor
Jan 14, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
I will give you one reason mathman141.... They most likely didn't even know that the island was there. They probably couldn't even see it from where they were.

As for israel if someone could point me to the article that would be greatly appreciated.
Pyle
Jan 14, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
Drop this after the news/ in your address bar:

2010-12-world-oldest-human-israel.html

Haven't seen a verification of the dating methods yet.
Paljor
Jan 14, 2011

Rank: not rated yet
How come they are having so much trouble getting an accurate date or are they just doing repitition?
Rank 4.3 /5 (23 votes)
Relevant PhysicsForums posts
  • Eye biology videos
    created3 hours ago
  • Flowering Plant Revived After 30,000 Years in Permafrost
    createdFeb 21, 2012
  • Toba volcano eruptions - 1.000 - 10,000 breeding pairsunb
    createdFeb 20, 2012
  • How is a specific gene removed from DNA
    createdFeb 20, 2012
  • Reproduction and Human evolution
    createdFeb 19, 2012
  • Viruses: Living or Non-living organisms
    createdFeb 19, 2012
  • More from Physics Forums - Biology

More news stories

Global influence of U.S. Constitution on the decline, study reveals

The U.S. Constitution's global influence is on the decline, finds a new study by David S. Law, JD, PhD, professor of law at Washington University in St. Louis.

Other Sciences / Economics & Business

created 17 hours ago | popularity 4.5 / 5 (2) | comments 8

Immigration chief seeks to reassure Silicon Valley

(AP) -- The Obama administration's top immigration official said Wednesday he wants to keep more foreign-born high-tech entrepreneurs in the U.S. But to make that happen, he said he needs those entrepreneurs to turn their ...

Other Sciences / Other

created 8 hours ago | popularity 5 / 5 (2) | comments 0

What is the value of a green card? Researcher calculates increase in income

Just what does it mean to get a green card? To some applicants, about $1,000 each month.

Other Sciences / Economics & Business

created 16 hours ago | popularity not rated yet | comments 2

Increasingly, children's books are where the wild things aren't: study

Was your favorite childhood book crawling with wild animals and set in places like jungles or deep forests? Or did it take place inside a house or in a city, with few if any untamed creatures in sight?

Other Sciences / Social Sciences

created 10 hours ago | popularity 4.8 / 5 (4) | comments 0

Ancient rock art found in Brazil

Researchers have discovered an extremely old anthropomorphic figure engraved in rock in Brazil, according to a report published Feb. 22 in the open access journal PLoS ONE.

Other Sciences / Archaeology & Fossils

created 9 hours ago | popularity 4.5 / 5 (4) | comments 0


Researchers build first physical 'metatronic' circuit

(PhysOrg.com) -- The technological world of the 21st century owes a tremendous amount to advances in electrical engineering, specifically, the ability to finely control the flow of electrical charges using ...

Spitzer finds solid buckyballs in space

(PhysOrg.com) -- Astronomers using data from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope have, for the first time, discovered buckyballs in a solid form in space. Prior to this discovery, the microscopic carbon spheres ...

Faster than light neutrinos? More like faulty wiring

You can shelf your designs for a warp drive engine (for now) and put the DeLorean back in the garage; it turns out neutrinos may not have broken any cosmic speed limits after all.

CT colonography shown to be comparable to standard colonoscopy

Computerized tomographic (CT) colonography (CTC), also known as virtual colonoscopy, is comparable to standard colonoscopy in its ability to accurately detect cancer and precancerous polyps in people ages 65 and older, according ...

Physicists surprised by disappearing and reappearing superconductivity in iron selenium chalcogenides

Superconductivity is a rare physical state in which matter is able to conduct electricity -- maintain a flow of electrons -- without any resistance. This phenomenon can only be found in certain materials at low temperatures, ...

Study: Virtual colonoscopy effective screening tool for adults over 65

Computed tomography (CT) colonography can be used as a primary screening tool for colorectal cancer in adults over the age of 65, according to a new study published online in the journal Radiology.