New deep space vehicle to be based on Orion: NASA

The Orion capsule, originally designed to take astronauts back to the moon, is a surviving component of the Constellation manned space exploration program canceled by President Barack Obama last year for being behind schedule and over budget.

NASA administrator Charles Bolden said the designs for Orion would be used to forge ahead with a new spacecraft known as the Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), which would lift off atop a massive rocket and someday take explorers to an asteroid and Mars.

"We are committed to human exploration beyond low-Earth orbit and look forward to developing the next generation of systems to take us there," Bolden said in a statement.

He said Congress's NASA Authorization Act "lays out a clear path forward for us by handing off transportation to the International Space Station to our private sector partners, so we can focus on deep space exploration.

"As we aggressively continue our work on a heavy lift launch vehicle, we are moving forward with an existing contract to keep development of our new crew vehicle on track."

Lockheed Martin Corporation is to continue its work on building the space capsule -- begun in 2006 -- which aims to carry four astronauts at a time on 21-day missions into deep space.

The capsule will weigh 23 tons and NASA has no date set for a potential launch, said Douglas Cooke, associate administrator for NASA's exploration systems mission directorate. There is also no final cost associated with the project.

"We are still working on our integrated architecture, and that includes the space launch system along with ground systems and other supporting projects," said Cooke.

"At this point we do not have a specific date," he said. "In terms of deep space exploration we hope to have test flights obviously in this decade. We are not exactly sure when but obviously as early as possible."

This undated picture made available by Lockheed Martin via NASA shows the assembly and testing of the Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle at Lockheed Martin's Vertical Testing Facility in Colorado. On Tuesday, May 24, 2011, NASA unveiled a new name for its previously planned moon capsule. (Lockheed Martin via NASA)

With the space shuttle program ending this year, NASA is working with private companies on a separate effort to build a new spacecraft to replace the shuttle and transport astronauts and cargo to the orbiting International Space Station.

When the shuttles become museum pieces, US astronauts will hitch rides on Russian spacecraft to orbiting station until a replacement is developed.

SpaceX successfully tested its Dragon capsule last year on the first ever flight into orbit and back by an unmanned commercial spacecraft.

Several companies are competing to be the first to have a new crew space vehicle ready for low Earth orbit by 2015.

Unlike the space shuttle, the MPCV is designed to be "10 times safer during ascent and entry," NASA said.

"The Orion government and industry team has shown exceptional creativity in finding ways to keep costs down through management techniques, technical solutions and innovation," Cooke said.

(c) 2011 AFP