Geologists solve ancient mystery

Geologists at the University of Leicester have solved a puzzle found in rocks half a billion years old.

Some of the most important fossil beds in the world are the Burgess Shales in the Canadian Rockies. Once an ancient sea bed, they were formed shortly after life suddenly became more complex and diverse – the so-called Cambrian explosion – and are of immense scientific interest.

Normally, only hard parts of ancient animals became fossilised; the bones, teeth or shells. Soft parts were rarely preserved: many plants and invertebrate animals evolved, lived for millions of years and became extinct, but left no trace in the fossil record. The Burgess Shales preserved soft tissue in exquisite detail, and the question of how this came to happen has troubled scientists since the discovery of the fossils in 1909.

Now, painstaking work by Sarah Gabbott and Jan Zalasiewicz of the University of Leicester, with Desmond Collins of the Royal Ontario Museum, has provided an answer. The research has been published in the Journal of the Geological Society.

They analysed the shales millimetre by millimetre, and found that unlike most rocks of this type, they weren’t slowly deposited, mud flake by mud flake. Instead, a thick slurry powered down a steep slope and instantly buried the animals to a depth where normal decay couldn’t occur.

Dr Gabbott said: “Not a nice way to go, perhaps, but a swift one- and one that guaranteed immortality (of a sort) for these strange creatures.”

Source: University of Leicester

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Posted by vivcollins 02/19/08 11:01

Rank: 2.5/5 after 2 votes

Does the mud slide coincide with a ice sheet melt? the same type of mud slide can be found in the North sea off Norway and was triggered by glacial deposits building up from melting ice fields.

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Posted by Sean_W 02/19/08 14:29

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So instead of these deposits representing a sudden "explosion" of life they represent a rare example of conditions needed to preserve the type of critters that were probably common at the time? While I would stop short of saying that this weakens the case for punctuated equilibrium (there are other examples to point to) it is kind of ironic. I mean, weren't these fossils one of the inspirations for P.E. theory? I wonder if anti-evolutionists will have to stop using the Cambrian explosion as a "challenge" to evolution now that it seems to be explained better as a snapshot of one period that represents a longer time rather than a full record of an atypically sudden period.

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Posted by out7x 02/21/08 02:15

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Read Stephen Gould's book, Wonderful Life.