Dramatic expansion of dead zones in the oceans
January 25, 2009Unchecked global warming would leave ocean dwellers gasping for breath. Dead zones are low-oxygen areas in the ocean where higher life forms such as fish, crabs and clams are not able to live. In shallow coastal regions, these zones can be caused by runoff of excess fertilizers from farming. A team of Danish researchers have now shown that unchecked global warming would lead to a dramatic expansion of low-oxygen areas zones in the global ocean by a factor of 10 or more.
Whereas some coastal dead zones could be recovered by control of fertilizer usage, expanded low-oxygen areas caused by global warming will remain for thousands of years to come, adversely affecting fisheries and ocean ecosystems far into the future. The findings are reported in a paper 'Long-term ocean oxygen depletion in response to carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels' published on-line in the scientific journal Nature Geoscience.
Professor Gary Shaffer of the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, who is the leader of the research team at the Danish Center for Earth System Science (DCESS), explains that "such expansion would lead to increased frequency and severity of fish and shellfish mortality events, for example off the west coasts of the continents like off Oregon and Chile".
Large extinction events
He adds that "if, as in many climate model simulations, the overturning circulation of the ocean would greatly weaken in response to global warming, these oxygen minimum zones would expand much more still and invade the deep ocean." Extreme events of ocean oxygen depletion leading to anoxia are thought to be prime candidates for explaining some of the large extinction events in Earth history including the largest such event at the end of the Permian 250 million years ago.
Series of changes
Furthermore, as suboxic zones expand, essential nutrients are stripped from the ocean by the process of denitrification. This in turn would shift biological production in the lighted surface layers of the ocean toward plankton species that are able to fix free dissolved nitrogen. This would then lead to large, unpredictable changes in ocean ecosystem structure and productivity, on top of other large unpredictable changes to be expected from ocean acidification, the other great oceanic consequence of high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations from fossil fuel burning.
Professor Shaffer warns that as a result, "the future of the ocean as a large food reserve would be more uncertain. Reduced fossil fuel emissions are needed over the next few generations to limit ongoing ocean oxygen depletion and acidification and their long-term adverse effects".
Paper: Nature Geoscience Advanced Online Publication: http://www.nature. … t/index.html
Source: University of Copenhagen
-
Global extinction: Gradual doom is just as bad as abrupt
Feb 03, 2012 |
4.2 / 5 (20) |
0
-
New study shows correlation between summer Arctic sea ice cover and winter weather in Central Europe
Feb 01, 2012 |
4.8 / 5 (5) |
0
-
In hot water: Ice Age findings forecast problems
Dec 20, 2011 |
3.5 / 5 (8) |
5
-
New York state may soon suffer outsize effects from climate, says report
Nov 17, 2011 |
4 / 5 (4) |
12
-
No plain sailing for marine life as climate warms
Nov 04, 2011 |
5 / 5 (1) |
0
-
Engineers build first sub-10-nm carbon nanotube transistor
Feb 01, 2012 |
4.9 / 5 (33) |
30
-
Something old, something new: Evolution and the structural divergence of duplicate genes
Jan 31, 2012 |
4.6 / 5 (7) |
1
-
The hidden nanoworld of ice crystals: Revealing the dynamic behavior of quasi-liquid layers
Jan 30, 2012 |
5 / 5 (5) |
1
-
Stock market network reveals investor clustering
Jan 27, 2012 |
3.9 / 5 (23) |
8
-
Of microchemistry and molecules: Electronic microfluidic device synthesizes biocompatible probes
Jan 26, 2012 |
5 / 5 (2) |
0
-
Do some geologists actually act a lot like Randy Marsh?
Feb 11, 2012
-
Discrepancy between oxygen and carbon-dioxide levels
Feb 09, 2012
-
where gems are found in the world
Feb 09, 2012
-
Wind Waves in Reservoir ~ Wind run-up and Wind set-up
Feb 08, 2012
-
Balance of oxygen in the atmosphere
Feb 01, 2012
-
The case for a methanol-based economy
Jan 30, 2012
- More from Physics Forums - Earth
More news stories
Transforming galaxies
(PhysOrg.com) -- Many of the Universe's galaxies are like our own, displaying beautiful spiral arms wrapping around a bright nucleus. Examples in this stunning image, taken with the Wide Field Camera 3 on ...
48 minutes ago |
5 / 5 (1) |
0
|
A continent ablaze in auroral and manmade light
The North American continent is literally set ablaze in a confluence of Auroral and Manmade light captured in spectacular new videos snapped by the astronauts serving aboard the International Space Station ...
Space & Earth / Space Exploration
41 minutes ago |
not rated yet |
0
A better picture of clouds
Some of us look at clouds and see animal shapes. Scientists are looking beyond. For the first time, a team of scientists led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory used actual measurements of clouds and ...
Space & Earth / Earth Sciences
43 minutes ago |
not rated yet |
0
Scientists drill two miles down to ancient Lake Vostok
(PhysOrg.com) -- Russian scientists last week finished penetrating more than two miles through the Antarctic ice sheet to Lake Vostok, a huge freshwater lake that has been buried under the ice for millions ...
Space & Earth / Earth Sciences
32 minutes ago |
5 / 5 (1) |
0
Earth-facing sunspot doubles in size
The latest sunspot region to traverse the face of the Sun has nearly doubled in size as it aims Earthward, as seen in the animation above from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory. (Click image to play the ...
Space & Earth / Space Exploration
1 hour ago |
not rated yet |
0
'Smart' microcapsules in a single step
(PhysOrg.com) -- A new, single-step method of fabricating microcapsules, which have potential commercial applications in industries including medicine, agriculture and diagnostics, has been developed by researchers ...
New ability to regrow blood vessels holds promise for treatment of heart disease
(Medical Xpress) -- University of Texas at Austin researchers have demonstrated a new and more effective method for regrowing blood vessels in the heart and limbs — a research advancement that could have ...
Ethanol mandate not the best option
Many people are willing to pay a premium for ethanol, but not enough to justify the government mandate for the corn-based fuel, a Michigan State University economist argues.
Nanostructured electrodes for rechargeable sodium-Ion batteries
Highly efficient 3V cathodes for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries have been developed by users from Argonne National Laboratory's Materials Science, Chemical Sciences & Engineering, and X-ray Sciences Divisions, ...
New tumor suppressor gene identified
A recent study published in Clinical Cancer Research suggests that the protein hVps37A suppresses tumor growth in ovarian cancer. The work, which was funded by the Austrian Science Fund FWF, shows, for th ...
A lost world? How zooarchaeology can inform biodiversity conservation
A new study of tropical forests will provide a 50,000-year perspective on how animal biodiversity has changed, explored through an archaeological investigation of animal bones.
Jan 25, 2009
Rank: 2.4 / 5 (14)
Jan 25, 2009
Rank: 3.4 / 5 (5)
http://www.physor...280.html
The same conditions sre causing unprecedented growth in fish and other sea life in the Nile delta, even though the warming there has been about the same or a little more than Oregon. Chile has shown no warming whatsoever in the last thirty years.
http://www.physor...rbig.jpg
Is the science really settled, or do we need thirty or forty more years to get this right?
Jan 25, 2009
Rank: 2.7 / 5 (13)
Jan 25, 2009
Rank: 1.5 / 5 (4)
Jan 25, 2009
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (11)
All is theory.
If science exists as established facts, then all you do is set yourself up to fall off the rails at a later date. The idea of scientific facts is a crutch for the feeble minded person who NEEDS to believe in permanence and one who also has black and white values. These types of persons are DANGEROUS--to all of us.
it's too bad that this insanity is what they teach in schools. Law this, Law that. Fuck that shit.
This type of thinking categorically disallows for the new and or the undiscovered and disallows any observations to take place that might even allow for a new thing or new exploration. 'New' -always- changes or disproves the old and the established--this is the nature of discovery.
So please remember that all science is theory and can be changed at the blink of an eye--and then you can allow new thoughts and new ideas to shape your mind, to help you literally walk into the future.
Otherwise, you are dead where you stand.
What does this ahve to do with ocean dead zones? Not much. But shen someone mentions 'scientific facts', I just want get up on the table and just take a giant dump in their cornflakes, for that is what they deserve. Why?
It's what they deserve for not even understanding that nothing is 'real' and there are no facts. Then we can finally move forward into the new.
Something they knew, for the most part when they where young..but the professors (manytimes they are professors because they are incapable of real work in their fields-remember that) then encountered drilled it out them.
Law of this..Law of that. Such horseshit.
Jan 25, 2009
Rank: 3 / 5 (8)
Note that we haven't proven such a collision will occur. But if it does, boy will there be some dead zones.
More extrapolation masquerading as science.
Next Week: Invasion by Fire Breathing Venusian Dragons could endanger old growth forests.
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 4.3 / 5 (6)
Valid or not, this report is so "doomsday" in its assumptions that it tends to seem more like the same old global warming fearmongering and self-fulfilling Chicken Little science. It might help (maybe) if they had at least stated "this report assumes Doomsday pre-conditions".
As if to say that anything humans do (or don't do) could ever prevent nature from doing what nature is going to do. If the earth gets warmer... we adapt. If the earth gets colder, we adapt. if the earth splits into three... well, we better f%#$ing adapt. Until science discovers how humans can predictably control the global thermostat in the face of earth and nature's never-ending dynamic, I won't see it any other way.
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 1.8 / 5 (5)
90% of big fish in the oceans are gone. We ate them all; that why we have to resort to fish farming for almost half of all fish production.
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 4 / 5 (4)
Look at the headline: "Dramatic expansion of dead zones in the oceans"
One could reasonably expect an article to follow describing a measured increase in the oceanic 'dead zones', backed by specific data. But the article is not that at all, it is merely another projection that if there is "unchecked global warming" then that might happen. It's like headlining "Dramatic Cure for Cancer Discovered" only to find that the article describes how assuming a cure is found, then hospitals apply it.
Many people only glance through a paper reading the headlines. They will be given the impression that these dead zones are proliferating, and if they glance quickly at the article, that 'global warming' is responsible. Not everyone has the time to scour every source to try to find the truth, and when purportedly scientific publications engage in this kind of chicanery we all lose.
In addition to the trillions of dollars of wealth transfer and power transfer increasingly tied to this fraud, there is the potential for a severe across the board backlash against valid science seeking the truth in all fields. AGW is like Piltdown Man with a huge price tag. If scientists do not come forth and speak against its pernicious falsehoods, we all will stand to lose.
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 3.7 / 5 (6)
Does this "scientist" realize that the deep oceans are already incredibly sparsely populated with life as far as we know? Dead zones won't affect the deep ocean because the deep ocean is already mostly empty.
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (4)
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (6)
Everytime I mash the pedal on my 2.5 ton SUV, 1.2 sparrows fall dead out of the sky. With each and every carbon-dioxide laden breath I take, 0.007 polar bears drown in the arctic ocean. With each explusion of last night's beans, I cause the irreversible loss of 15 mm of glacier.
Of course, I can immediately cause the restoration of each sparrow, polar bear, and ice cap by paying an additional 7% tax to my government.
Brilliant!
Jan 26, 2009
Rank: 3.4 / 5 (5)
Arkaleus - I think you have it figured out, by golly!
Jan 27, 2009
Rank: 1 / 5 (4)
The Earth is big, but limited. You don't really think that you can cut forest as much as you like, emit all kind of polluters into the water and the air and still have a working ecosystem that would simply balance your stupidity,right? Maybe in your twisted brains, you can also nuke half the planet and happily live in the other half? Sure, the winds will simply stop blowing in your direction, because you're gonna show them the Bible.
And yes, science is a theory, but the theory best describing the facts and best predicting them. And funnily enough, it's a fact that right where I am, the temperatures are with 20o higher than they are supposed to be at this time of the year. For 2 weeks now. While they are with 20oC lower than they should be in Spain. I wonder why? I guess the gods are just mad on Europe.
Jan 27, 2009
Rank: 5 / 5 (2)
Jan 27, 2009
Rank: 5 / 5 (2)
And FYI: Spain isn't outside of their average temperatures according to weather.com.
Jan 28, 2009
Rank: 3 / 5 (3)
Perhaps to make everyone feel more at ease we can change the term to "environmental transition" since both the AGW camp and the naysayers all agree that changes are taking place but disagree on the causes. Although I personally beleive alot of the "environmental transitions" that the earth is currently experiencing are amplified by anthropogenic contributions, we are not the sole cause (except of course where it is proven that we are, such as millions of acres of barren land where there used to be rain forest, and, as is the primary issue behind this article, dead zones resulting from agricultural run-off. These would be "local environmental transitions" that when you add enough together begin to produce global environmental transitions ). The problem, as I think we can all agree is who will be made to "pay" to clean up these messes. AGW denialists (sorry guys) are absolutely correct in there accusations of government tax grabs and scientists clamoring for grant money to research an issue which simply cannot be understood by the human race at this time. How the hell can you justify granting millions of dollars to create a climate model that will never be completely accurate and therefore reliable because all of the variables will never be known, and then make predictions based upon it? I guess the same way the chinese government can justify extremely lax emmissions regulations,the brazilian government can justify clearcutting millions of acres of rainforest, the american military budget, dubai...how the hell can you justify dubai?
As long as the human races primary concern is economy, not ecology, debating any issues with a major price tag attached will never result in anything more than the debate itself.
Jan 28, 2009
Rank: 5 / 5 (2)
And by the way 34 degrees F is above average for Bulgaria, your point of origin, denijane. That's certainly not 20 degrees C over where it should be.
That is unless you live in an ice cave on Hoth.
http://www.weathe...e=sofia, bulgaria&from=searchbox_localwx
Jan 30, 2009
Rank: 5 / 5 (2)
The economic agenda being pushed certainly raises the stakes. However it should not obscure the fact that much of the ecological argument for AGW is flawed as well.
First, there seems to be an assumption that Earth's ecosystems ought somehow to be frozen in time and henceforth never altered. Rather than a strategy of adapting to change, this clings to a dictum of resisting change at all costs. Is this practical? Is it even possible? Is it wise?
Second, given how little we understand of the immensely complex systems involved, I believe we tend to grossly underestimate homeostatic and reparative mechanisms of the planet. That is an opinion but unless you give it no credence at all, it argues against continually inventing and selling Doomsday scenarios.
Third, in terms of "anthropogenic global warming", the empirical data is still coming in but any honest preliminary appraisal would be that the scare scenarios being pedaled are not bearing out. Far from rising temperatures, rising sea levels, proliferating hurricanes, and all manner of the Chicken Little Buffet the last ten years have shown little or no substantial change as predicted by the AGW alarmists. Instead of asking why the real data is so unimpressive, we are instead treated to more scare scenarios based on data points that aren't there. Co2 has been poured into the atmosphere unabated for a decade; how much has the average global temperature risen?
Fourthly the attempt to suppress dissenting points of view should bring to mind the experience of Gallileo when he claimed facts in evidence that a "consensus" of the thinkers of his day considered heretical. This is not the realm of science but of authoritarian politics. I don't mind at all if you label me a "denier". Feel free to claim that I deny the existance of unicorns as well.
I thank you for your comment, which I found to be of value in spite of our disagreements.