World's largest laser completed
April 1, 2009
Composite photo shows all three floors containing the 264,000-pound, 10-meter diameter target chamber. Diagnostic instruments will be attached to the round hatches. Photo montage by Jacqueline McBride
(PhysOrg.com) -- The Department of Energy today announced that the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) has certified the completion of the historic effort to build the world's largest laser.
Housed at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is expected to allow scientists to achieve fusion ignition in the laboratory, obtaining more energy from the target than is provided by the laser.
The completion of NIF opens the door to scientific advancement and discovery that promises to enhance our national security, could help break America's dependence on foreign oil, and will lead to new breakthroughs in the worlds of astrophysics, materials science and many other scientific disciplines.
"Completion of the National Ignition Facility is a true milestone that will make America safer and more energy independent by opening new avenues of scientific advancement and discovery," said NNSA Administrator Thomas D'Agostino.
"NIF will be a cornerstone of a critical national security mission, ensuring the continuing reliability of the U.S. nuclear stockpile without underground nuclear testing, while also providing a path to explore the frontiers of basic science, and potential technologies for energy independence," he said.
Laser Bay 2, one of NIF's two laser bays, was commissioned on July 31, 2007. Each laser bay is approximately 400 feet long.
NIF is a critical part of NNSA's mission of maintaining the safety and reliability of our nuclear deterrent without conducting nuclear testing. The United States has not deployed a new nuclear weapon in over 20 years, nor conducted an underground nuclear test since 1992.Instead, scientists at the NNSA maintain the warheads in the stockpile well beyond their original life by using sophisticated supercomputers and facilities that test the safety, security and reliability of U.S. weapons in NNSA laboratories.
With NIF, scientists will be able to evaluate key scientific assumptions in current computer models, obtain previously unavailable data on how materials behave at temperatures and pressures like those in the center of a star, and help validate NNSA's supercomputer simulations by comparing code predictions against observations from laboratory experiments.
Because of its groundbreaking advance in technology, NIF also has the potential to produce breakthroughs in fields beyond national security. It may help advance fusion energy technology, which could be an element of making the United States energy independent. It could also help scientists better understand the makeup of stars It could also help scientists better understand the makeup of stars and giant planets both within and outside our solar system.
The stadium-sized NIF is capable of focusing all of its 192 individual beams, each about 40 centimeters square, into a spot about one-half millimeter in diameter at the center of its 10 meter diameter target chamber. NIF has the ability to deliver large amounts of energy with extreme precision in billionths of a second.
NIF has already produced historic scientific advances. Earlier this month, NIF became the first fusion laser in the world to break the megajoule barrier (a megajoule is the energy consumed by 10,000 100-watt light bulbs in one second) by delivering 1.1 million joules of ultraviolet energy to the center of its target chamber - more than 25 times more energy than the previous record-holder.
Provided by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Nov 29, 2007 |
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- megajoules, pah, this beast has hardly enough energy to boil 2 kettles... Granted its a bit faster though.
snicker...
No of course it isn't. If you achieve ignition you still have some huge obstacles remaining.
The biggest obstacle is getting the rate of fire up from a few shots per day to a few shots per second. Lasers made of big crystals with poor thermal conductivity and an efficiency of 1% will never be able to cycle fast; you have to repeat the same trick with something like ~30% efficient laser diodes(pulse shape and degree of collimation must be at least as good). This might take up way too much space and be way too expensive, we'll see.
The ideal driver would be something like heavy ions; easy to cool and compact. But then the NIF data won't be so useful.
There are other obstacles, such as getting the cost of targets down from $10 000 each to a handful of cents. This is probably doable with mass production.
The very fast fusion neutrons need to be absorbed by FLiBe to produce tritium, which needs to be collected. Tritium collection is very much a solved problem. Designing a vessel that will withstand being bombarded with 14 MeV neutrons without having to be replaced every few years is probably going to turn out to be rather difficult.
These flash lamps to pump the laser; you're looking at about 1% electrical efficiency, so it's quite a bit worse than that.
This is supposed to be a "historic scientific advance"? PR idiots who wrote all this crap should be used as test targets.
Oh, but who would clean up all the gunge in the test chamber?