LiDAR data are generated using lasers mounted on an airplane that is flown over the study area. Sensors on the aircraft record the laser light that is reflected from the vegetation and the ground. These data are then used to develop detailed maps of the forest structure (for example, the height of the tallest trees). Scientists can then use their knowledge of what types of forest structure birds need to predict where birds will occur. With LiDAR, they can do this over large geographic areas more quickly and easily than with traditional methods.

”By combining this advanced imaging technology with traditional field research, we are able to measure and predict ecosystem components in unprecedented ways. Not only can we provide managers with very detailed information about ecosystem services such as carbon storage and its associated biodiversity, but we can do so over very large areas,” says Dr. Josh Viers, Watershed Scientist at UC Davis.

Scientists have long known that many birds are often found in specific types of forest structure. In the past, these associations have been established by counting birds in areas where vegetation was painstakingly measured on the ground. “Using the LiDAR measurements of vegetation, we can predict where the birds will be over areas much too large to survey by foot,” explains Dr. Nat Seavy, Terrestrial Ecologist Research Director at PRBO Conservation Science.

Maps of bird habitat help scientists understand what areas should be protected and what forest conditions are important for different bird species. “We want to make sure common birds stay common,” says Dr. Chrissy Howell, an ecologist at PRBO Conservation Science. “This technique helps us identify areas to protect and understand how we can design restoration to create new habitat.”

Authors were Nathaniel Seavy and Julian Wood (PRBO Conservation Science) and Joshua Viers (UC Davis). LiDAR data were collected by Watershed Sciences, LLC, based in Portland, Oregon. The research was funded in part by the CALFED Science Fellows Program.

Provided by PRBO Conservation Science