First physics from the Large Hadron Collider's CMS detector
February 17, 2010
Dr Matthew Ryan from Imperial College London viewing the heart of the CMS experiment. Credit: STFC
(PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists working on the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC have just published results of the first analysis of data from the highest energy particle collisions ever carried out, bringing us another step closer to answering some of the most fundamental questions about our Universe. The results appear in the Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP).
“Our findings provide the first information on the characteristics of charged particle production in this new energy range,” says Prof. Guido Tonelli, Spokesperson of the CMS experiment, “The results confirm previous measurements, and expectations for the new energy regime. They are important to help us modelling the experimental backgrounds for future measurements at even higher energies.”
The LHC provided first collisions in late November 2009, after about 20 years of extremely challenging design and construction work for both the accelerator and the experiments. About three weeks later, protons were accelerated for the first time in the LHC itself to an energy of 1.18 TeV/beam, the highest energy yet attained in accelerators. Around one hundred thousand collisions were recorded by the four LHC experiments at this energy.
CMS is one of two so-called general-purpose experiments which look into the unknown and search for new physics. It is designed to see a wide range of particles and phenomena produced in the LHC’s high-energy collisions and will help to answer questions such as: What is the Universe really made of and what forces act within it? And what gives everything substance? It will also measure the properties of previously discovered particles with unprecedented precision, and be on the lookout for completely new, unpredicted phenomena. Such research not only increases our understanding but may eventually spark new technologies that change the world we live in.
UK institutes involved in CMS (Bristol University, Brunel University, Imperial College and Rutherford Appleton Laboratory) played major roles in the design and construction of the experiment and Prof T. Virdee of Imperial College was also the CMS Spokesperson for several years leading up to first operation.
The first published measurements by CMS depend on the charged particle tracking detector, using silicon pixel and microstrip sensors. The radiation-hard electronics of the microstrip tracker were designed in a collaboration between Imperial College, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and CERN. Prof. G. Hall, UK-CMS Spokesperson, notes “It is fantastic to see how well the CMS silicon tracker performs, and how rapidly it has met our design goals.” Prof. T. Virdee, the former Spokesperson, comments that “After two decades from conception to completion of construction, this publication marks the true start of an equally long phase of the extraction of science from CMS, widely expected to be revolutionary”.
Following the 2009 run there was a technical stop to prepare the LHC for accelerating protons to an energy of 3.5 TeV/beam. Beams will soon start circulating again and a long run, lasting some eighteen months, will begin at the end of February. This should enable the experiments to accumulate enough data to explore new territory in all areas where new physics is expected.
More information: Paper: http://arxiv.org/abs/1002.0621
Provided by Science and Technology Facilities Council (news : web)
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Feb 17, 2010
Rank: 4.3 / 5 (12)
Can't wait to see more.
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (7)
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 1.7 / 5 (6)
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (5)
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 1.1 / 5 (7)
Curiosity shouldn't be mixed with stupidity. If theories predict formation of stable black holes in LHC, a much more wise decision would be to experiment with colliders in free cosmic space. We have no practical usage of collider experiments during last forty years, so we can wait another twenty years w/out problem, until advance in technology will allow us to arrange experiments in more safe, effective (and cheaper) way.
http://sciencenow...10/122/1
After all, most of scientists know quite well, what they could expect from collider experiments - only laymans and sensationalists could be surprised by it. There are dozens of articles about it at ArXiv.
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 4.1 / 5 (7)
It's not stupidity. It's easy to show statistically that if black holes were stable, Earth and every star in the universe would have been consumed long ago. I do agree with the idea of putting colliders in orbit though, since it would make them much easier to build bigger and bigger.
And you're wrong to say that there are no practical benefits from colliders and other experiments. It's less about the science uncovered, and more about the technology you invent to perform the science in the first place. Many of those technologies end up being used by industry, and eventually enter the market. You just don't recognize them once they do.
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (4)
http://sciencenow...10/122/1
The above link is about modeling of situation in LHC collider by time dependent differential equations. This is a science supported by real numbers, not blurb about LHC safety. Bellow you can see resulting animation.
http://physics.pr..._phi.mpg
... and money of various parties involved in it. You should be more specific: which technology of collider research was applied in industry during recent forty years? On the contrary, LHC is locking human capacity, which is urgently needed in industry.
http://www.electr...onomy.ht
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (5)
They're teaching it at schools and using it as a salary machine in hundreds of useless publications - but at the moment, when such math could jeopardize their jobs, they will ignore these theories together with their numeric results like very last crackpot on this forum. Quote from the above article:
"Curiously, though, nobody had ever shown that the prevailing theory of gravity, Einstein's theory of general relativity, actually predicts that a black hole can be made this way. Now a computer model shows conclusively for the first time that a particle collision really can make a (stable) black hole."
Which theories CERN ignorants want to verify at LHC, if they never attempted to estimate expected results? Isn't LHC just a blind waste of public money, after then?
Feb 18, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (7)
Now I'm only describing apparent & evident facts, i.e. no hypothesis. We can ignore these facts, but after then our own moral profile is corresponding to the above examples.
People often don't realize, they're support amoral things, until something goes really wrong. For example, unbelievable 92% of Germans voted Hitler in 1937.
Feb 19, 2010
Rank: 4.7 / 5 (3)
Or does anyone think that a 2-D computer model can predict anything even remotely as complex as black hole formation or its stability under some given conditions when we can't even effectively simulate a 3-body system yet?
And are you really convinced, that a head-on cosmic ray collision can't occur in free space, given the wast amount of cosmic rays present and the size of the universe?
The "non-zero momentum" argument is also moot I'm affraid. If there was a stable (and dangerous) BH created at those collisions, we would not be here today chatting, as in the last 5 billion years, there surely would be at least one BH, which had only moderate after-collision energy and an after-collision path taking it close enough to some more massive objects gravity well, resulting in the BH getting captured into orbit.
I believe there will be lots of BH's created at the LHC, but hardly "dangerous"..
Feb 19, 2010
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (2)
Only the resulting energy matters, not the fact that there is only 1 ultra-high energy particle colliding with a lower energy one. And in that regard, we had unimaginably many of many orders of magnitude more energetic collisions happen allready right here on Earth in the past few billion years. Still no stable (and dangerous) BH's around :-O
As I said before - The stance is noble and valid, but still missing some solid arguments to back it up. And no, 2D computer simmulations sadly won't do :)
Feb 19, 2010
Rank: 1.3 / 5 (4)
http://arxiv.org/...80v1.pdf
But my problem is different and it's about fringe methodology of LHC experiments. Why the most crucial result is modeled just two weeks before start of experiments?
Of course it can, it has just nothing to swallow there.
But this is all just about speculations - whereas my problem is, all these scenarios can be modeled by computers first - but they weren't. It's about silly nonscientific strategy of blind experiments and apparently unsupported claims about their safety.
As Feynman once said: "Shut up and calculate!" This is what scientists are payed for - not for blind speculations. I don't wan't to listen, LHC experiments are safe, if the simulation is demonstrating clearly, they're not. The rest is just a job for lawyers.
Feb 19, 2010
Rank: 4.6 / 5 (5)
I read the article you cited. I found this:
"Does that mean the LHC will make black holes? Not necessarily, Choptuik says. The Planck energy is a quintillion times higher than the LHC's maximum."
Ignoring completely the validity of their model, a quintillion is a pretty big number.
Also, please try to avoid using Hitler as an arguement. It doesn't really work to convince anyone.
Feb 19, 2010
Rank: 1.3 / 5 (6)
Extradimensions are one of things, which string theorists are expecting to demonstrate by LHC collisions - we can consider model of Randall-Sundrum micro-black holes in this connection.
I'm just illustrating relevant historical connections here. People should learn from their history - if they wouldn't, they will exterminate self, because they're becoming more and more powerful gradually. It's as easy, as it is.
Feb 20, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
As I understand it, cosmic rays are thought to originate from supernovae explosions and from normal stars as well as from other sources. By chance, there will be head-on collisions from radiation from two different stars. Such collisions will (presumably) be relatively rare at the outer edge of a galaxy but more frequent at the centre of a galaxy, as some radiation from all stars of the galaxy will eventually arrive there and in greater concentrations. Also, there will presumably be three-way (or more) collisions. The bigger the galaxy, the more radiation there will be at the centre for these collisions.
But I read that there is thought to be a super-massive black hole at the centre of most galaxies: the bigger the galaxy, the more massive the black hole.
Is there a connection there that we should worry about or have I misunderstood something?
Feb 20, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
The last 4 words of your final sentence sum it up pretty well (even better when you swap the first two of them :)
And cosmic rays are not limited to a galaxy - they come from all directions and are energetic enough to cross distances as large as the whole visible universe without loosing much potential.
And if a rare head-on cosmic ray collision occurs for example in the upper layer of Earths atmosphere, then there surely is "enough to swallow there" for a black hole to grow - IF there would be any stable BH's made by those collisions. And we are STILL here! ;-)
Feb 20, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
In extreme case we could imagine spontaneous formation of strangelets during condensation of cooled neutrons - there is no apparent force, which could repel them mutually, so if we create sufficiently dense stream of neutrons, we could prepare tiny neutron stars instantly even at room temperature.
Therefore the "cosmic ray argument" of LHC safety has nothing to do with LHC collision geometry and it's just manifestation of ignorance of mainstream science.
Feb 20, 2010
Rank: 3.7 / 5 (3)
Feb 21, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
following that logic and reasoning, we will have people running around with hand-held black-hole guns within a few hundred or thousand years as advancements in technology would most certainly allow to reach the current LHC maximum energies, even with alot more sensitivity and precission, by devices of portable sizes..
Now if thats not crazy enough ;-D
Feb 22, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
Feb 22, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
Feb 22, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (3)
http://arxiv.org/.../0301003
Strangelets, which are formed from gamma ray collisions with nonzero momentum toward Earth have no time to interact with Earth. But the slower strangelets have! A group of researchers reported the possibility that strangelets may have been responsible for a seismic event recorded on October 22 and November 24 in 1993.
http://www.arxiv..../0205089
Feb 22, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (3)
A "Quark Nugget Passage"? Eh? ;-)
The entertainment value is strong in this one. Most certainly alot stronger than the scientific one..
Serriously, this is getting a bit out of hand now. Enough sci-fi for today!
And I like Arxiv. I really do. But the "freedom of speech" comes for a price.. as we can see. Good thing that it compensates by the benefits it brings to the scientific community.
And a group of prophets reported the possibility that an unknown event might be responsible for an apocalypse on December 21th, 2012.
Feb 23, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
Feb 23, 2010
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Feb 24, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
The whole purpose of my posts was just to demonstrate, all these seemingly "rock-solid" claims of mainstream physics regarding LHC safety hold watter, as they could be turned upside down just by using of this mainstream physics. Nothing like certainty of LHC safety exists here and the rest is up to you: I'm just mediating informations about dark side of the Force.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
We will never be sure to 100% that we are right - there allways will be a small chance that our understanding is NOT PERFECT.
But covering in fear and hiding in a corner because we are not 100% sure (but only 99,99999%) will most certainly not help us advance and slow science down to snail-crawl speeds.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Hey tough guy, where exactly do you propose we build a "black hole" machine where it wouldn't affect the planet within 20 years time?
Feel free to let me in on all the fabulous new fabrication and transportation technology that you're aware of and the ret of us aren't.
Then recognize that a mosquito flaps it's wings with about 7 TeV and smashing two particles with a combined TeV of about 7 is no more dangerous than licking a 9 volt, something I'm sure you're accustomed to doing.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
Unfortunately for all of us, the formation of stable dense chunks of matter is predicted both by different variants of string theory, both by LQG, both by SUSY extensions of Standard Model in precious accordance... Nearly all physicists today are waiting for strangelets, WIMPs, or microcopic black holes at LHC...
http://arxiv.org/.../0301003
http://arxiv.org/.../0606193
http://cerncourie...rn/34938
While I can understand the stance of physicists, who are risking lives all of us for their success and glory - I don't quite understand the Stockholm syndrome of layman's, who are supporting their experiments openly, although it's evident, they've no idea, what all these experiments are about...
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
http://www.iop.or...2/12/S52
Concerning the "mosquito weight" (~3 milligrams), it's a mass corresponding only to single proton collision - but LHC jets will contain ~3000 bunches of 10E+11 "mosquitos" each with peak luminosity of 10E+34 "mosquitos"/cm2sec - this in total corresponds the mass of whole train.
Anyway, the total mass of protons is completely irrelevant here, as for stable strangelet formation only few protons may be sufficient. In such a way, LHC will contain number of protons sufficient for formation of whole cluster of strangelets in a single moment. It's estimated, LHC will be able to produce micro black holes at a rate on the order of one per second.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
You're here making ridiculous assertions and statements that are entirely inplausable, like building an accelerator in space in 20 years that wouldn't affect the earth.
Your knowledge of this subject is what I would classify as Nova ScienceNow watcher. You know some basics, read some wiki articles, but I'd be willing to wager you have little to no education within the field. This isn't necessarily to your detriment, however, it would behoove you to do some more reading before you go off half cocked about impossible hypotheticals.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
http://en.wikiped...traquark
http://www-cdf.fn...i-muons/
So in my opinion we could be rather 99,99999% sure, experiments at LHC will be "successful" regarding to stable micro black holes or strangelet formation - simply because we observed them already, in fact. IMO real safety factor of LHC is close to 50%, rather then 99%. But with respect to number of LHC collisions planned even the 99,99999% safety is far not enough.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
http://www.physor...225.html
So far we have no usage for ANY particle prepared in colliders during last SEVENTY years - so I can say safely, we can wait for space collisions another FIFTY years without absolutely ANY problem.
Instead of this silly blind, redundant and dangerous experiments at LHC we should release all financial and intellectual capacity to cold fusion research - or we nuke ourself mutually because of low oil supplies. It's as simple, as it is.
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
http://lhcdefense.org/
http://arxiv.org/abs/0810.5515
http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.2948
http://arxiv.org/.../0503178
http://www.risk-e...non6.htm
http://www.lhcfac.../culture
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Then you tell me that instead of discovering new physics we should spend our time reworking old physics on the hilarity that is Cold Fusion and the very real field of superconductors (even funnier as it was the science involved in the construction of the LHC that led us to this point in superconduction theory).
Feb 25, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
LHC is using classical type Ia superconductor for the sake of high current density required - therefore whole thirty years of high-temperature superconductor research and theory development is completely irrelevant with respect to LHC application.
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Pasting truckloads of links to conspiracy sites, pseudo-science articles, postmodern sci-fi and unconfirmed (most likely wrong) hypothesis, which lately pop-up on arXiv like mushrooms after rain, won't make it any better..
And if you believe that 90% of todays mainstream physics won't be proven at least partialy wrong at some time in the future, then you are pretty naive, no offense..
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Then how can you comment to the LHC at all if you don't understand how it works, what it's composed of or what the outlined goals and the science beneathe are?
You've proven yourself a simple troll.
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Strangelet theory is a product of Ed Witten, best string theorist, Randall-Sundrum theory is a product of another two top string theorists. The simulation of stable micro-black formation is first of its kind. Another two articles are peer-reviewed, too.
http://en.wikiped...rangelet
http://en.wikiped...ack_hole
http://news.scien...-01.html
http://www.iop.or...2/12/S52
http://arxiv.org/.../0606193
The fact, many other claims of LHC risks originate from unconfirmed sources cannot change the relevancy of these articles and theories. In addition, anomalous formation of dense particle clusters was already observed in Tevatron, together with jet suppression and another indicias of stable state of matter.
http://en.wikiped...traquark
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
http://arxiv.org/.../0106295
http://arxiv.org/.../0301003
http://www.iop.or...2/12/S52
Frankly, I don't really understand your problem. Isn't the production of black holes and formation of extradimensions, which should stabilize them one of main design goals at LHC?
http://cerncourie...rn/34938
http://arxiv.org/.../0611224
If yes, then I really needn't to understand anymore about it, to recognize risk of these experiments. I'm not required to become a broody hen to recognize addled egg. But if it makes you more comfortable with it, I can assure you, I can understand background of LHC experiments perfectly...;-)
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
Or do you have ANY at least remotely relevant proof of their validity?
I think not..
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Are you asking or telling? In any event you're incorrect. The goal of the LHC is to take some particles, input massive amounts of energy, see what comes out and observe.
Not if you think we're attempting to "create" extra dimensions or create stable black holes.
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
http://en.wikiped...on_cloud
Isn't the formation of top-quark pairs, dimuon events at Tevatron or the formation of tetraquark evidence of strange condensation of elementary particles?
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
http://arxiv.org/abs/1001.4801
http://w3.iihe.ac...lard.pdf
http://cerncourie...rn/34938
Who is "we"? For example every string theorist hopes in detection of extra-dimensions at LHC - this is the main way, how to test string theory, after all.. Wasn't the main purpose of LHC to find "new physics"? Isn't the string theory the most viable way, how to extend Standard Model? And just the string theory predicts both extradimensions, both micro-black hole formation at LHC..
All these models are nearly fifteen years old already - everyone could become familiar with it already.
Feb 26, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
Of course, he claimed all the time, acetone OR peroxide are the best cleaning fluids for all possible purposes, for to get money for his experiments by his gullible mummy. Now she read about peroxyacetone on the web and realized suddenly, what all this stuff was really about.
http://en.wikiped...peroxide
Of course, this stance explains too, why physicists are so impertinent, whenever some "crackpot" explains their formal theories in more transparent way, thus revealing their true motivations. These guys are playing role of shamans of modern era to evade public control.
Feb 27, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
During an energetic explosion you could really observe states of matter, which are not present at ambient conditions. But that is quite obvious as under different conditions the equilibrial states are different aswell, resulting in different alignments.
But those conditions are TEMPORAL as even you yourself admitted..
Feb 27, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
A) It was never measured directly nor is even remotely understood or confirmed yet. It is only a mere hypothesis at the moment..
B) Well, you even tend to call condensation of water droplets "strange" or compare it with micro-BH's .. I'm asking myself, why should I even bother replying?
The analogy might be "ok", but it fails to account for differences in conditions related to difference in scales. For example the strength ratios between fundamental forces at the scales in question.
As I mentioned before, you can't just assume a linear scale-down and pull analogies.. It is not as simple and would only work in strictly scale-invariant cases.
Feb 27, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
Under common circumstances large droplets (black holes) are stable. Situation with LHC collisions corresponds the situation after stratosferic plane, after which trails are formed. Due the oversaturation no water droplets are formed in high altitude, but when formation of these droplets is initiated, then the condensation occurs.
Strange matter is terminus technicus, it denotes phase of matter, composed of strange quarks. From this denomination the term "strangelet" is derived, too.
http://en.wikiped...e_matter
Strange matter is believed to be stable only at the extremely high pressure inside of neutron stars, but by Aether theory the extreme curvature of small dense clusters of particles enables the formation of strange matter even without gravitational field. On similar idea the concept of micro-black holes and strangelets is based.
Feb 27, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
Feb 27, 2010
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Feb 28, 2010
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Exchange that "common" with "certain" or "specific". And comparing water droplets with BH's needs no comments..
Apart from that "believe" does not belong into science, you are counter-arguing with a "believe" article aswell.. AWT.
And I really give up..
It is pointless to try and explain something when the other side most evidently either does not understand or simply is not able to sufficiently relate the contents of discussion. Seems like running in circles.
Feb 28, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
And anything that is related to more than only 1 of the fundamental forces can simply NOT be considered scale-invariant, as those very forces are NOT scale-invariant in relation between themselves.
Feb 28, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
Why not? You should enjoy articles like this one, after then...
http://www.physor...530.html
The belief has robust place in Popper's methodology in science, in which no theory should be considered correct, only less or more confirmed. Therefore every extrapolation made by such theory should be considered as a subject of belief, too. This is particularly valid regarding every claim of LHC safety or risk. We simply cannot know, what this thing should do.
Feb 28, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
After all, 60 percent of American doesn't believe in evolution and these people have nothing to lose by admitting it with compare to CERN physicists. Why I should believe, CERN physicists will be opened to some discussion, after then? Such people could be stopped only with using of legal or military force, sorry.
Feb 28, 2010
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Feb 28, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
http://www.mazali...-h-index
Anyway, the conceptual problem in LHC is, it tends to validate various theories just by experiments, which would lead to disaster scenarios by these theories. If nothing happens with LHC, scientists will just build larger collider, and whole situation will just repeat at another level. The only protection of human civilization is not to sponsor such projects, or to increase their space-time scope, i.e. to build them in free cosmic space at safe distance from Earth.
Mar 01, 2010
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Mar 01, 2010
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And what's a safe distance for a potentially accretional black hole?
Basically you're saying, never, ever build one.
Mar 01, 2010
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http://arxiv.org/.../0301003
For example Lisa Randall is visiting Cern in the hope, LHC will confirm her hypothesis of stable micro-black holes - on the other hand she is claiming, LHC will not produce these holes. What we should think about it?
http://cerncourie...rn/34938
Well, such seemingly inconsistent, self-contradicting thinking is quite common for people, who are living in mental black hole, because the spreading of energy in it would behave in the same way (compare the Kaluza-Klein solution of de Sitter spacetime). Of course people, who are thinking in mental singularites will never reflect logical arguments from outside.
Mar 01, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (1)
Compare the well known Eden story about eating fruits of knowledge prohibited. There can be a deeper symbolism in this story: we cannot create black hole larger then some critical limit, or whole our observable Universe would be swallowed in it. Note that critical black hole singularity would be just of the size of our own Universe at the Big Bang time, i.e. the size of apple. Why? Because just the lifespan of black hole of such diameter would correspond the age of observable Universe, if it would evaporate by Hawking mechanism.
Mar 01, 2010
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Secondly you could not swallow the entire Universe in a black hole.
Mar 01, 2010
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