Earth microbes may contaminate the search for life on Mars
April 27, 2010
Bacteria common to spacecraft may be able to survive the harsh environs of Mars long enough to inadvertently contaminate Mars with terrestrial life according to research published in the April 2010 issue of the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology.
The search for life on Mars remains a stated goal of NASA's Mars Exploration Program and Astrobiology Institutes. To preserve the pristine environments, the bioloads on spacecraft headed to Mars are subject to sterilization designed to prevent the contamination of the Martian surface.
Despite sterilization efforts made to reduce the bioload on spacecraft, recent studies have shown that diverse microbial communities remain at the time of launch. The sterile nature of spacecraft assembly facilities ensures that only the most resilient species survive, including acinetobacter, bacillus, escherichia, staphylococcus and streptococcus.
Researchers from the University of Central Florida replicated Mars-like conditions by inducing desiccation, hypobaria, low temperatures, and UV irradiation. During the week-long study they found that Escherichia coli, a potential spacecraft contaminant, may likely survive but not grow on the surface of Mars if it were shielded from UV irradiation by thin layers of dust or UV-protected niches in spacecraft.
"If long-term microbial survival is possible on Mars, then past and future explorations of Mars may provide the microbial inoculum for seeding Mars with terrestrial life," say the researchers. "Thus, a diversity of microbial species should be studied to characterize their potential for long term survival on Mars."
Provided by American Society for Microbiology
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Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (4)
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (4)
Why do you say that? DNA is only one of 4 theorized methods of genetic information storage. That's jsut what we can imagine, and as we know, human imagination is greatly limited by experience.
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 1.3 / 5 (6)
Did Viking detect contamination from Earth or life from Mars?
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 3.7 / 5 (6)
Did you miss the Mars rover missions? You missed out.
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (3)
Unless this Mars lifeform starts shooting at us.
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (4)
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 3.7 / 5 (3)
http://www.agorac...288.html
Perhaps if this really is the case, then all this 'contamination' is utterly irrelevant, as life has been cultivated in accordance with biological necessity. It doesn't therefore matter where life is 'found', but rather that it happens to exist at all.
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 2.5 / 5 (4)
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 3 / 5 (3)
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 4.2 / 5 (5)
I'm not poking holes in what you're saying, I just think you're limiting the possibilities. Ammonia based life (which is a potential on Mars, and some of Jupiter's moons) most likely wouldn't be based on carbon centric DNA strands. It would most likely engaged in Nitrogen bonding.
Plus think of the differences with Silicon based life. You can effectively sub in Silicon in place of Carbon on most of those molecules.
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (4)
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (5)
The Viking missions had several instruments designed to detect life. While some of the instruments confirmed the presence of life, others did not. Regardless, the most interesting part is the same instruments were tested on Earth with soil samples known to contain life and produced the exact same results.
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 4.8 / 5 (4)
Apr 27, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (3)
And i'm pretty sure there has been a lot of chemicals found, including their opposite handedness, that aren't really used in life but can be.
There was even that team who managed to replace the DNA backbone with a metal.
As Skeptic said, silicon can take the role of carbon in a number of molecules.
There could well be other methods that exist too, and it was just RNA and DNA that won over.
Some of those other methods might not even be possible in our atmosphere now.
Titan could well be filled with life, admittedly simple, but still life.
It is an incredibly active planet, filled with radiation that could result in some interesting forms of life evolving to take advantage of that.
Going by the crazy things we have been finding on here in the past couple decades, especially all these extremophiles (especially that one that doesn't depend on oxygen), i think i can say with all probability that their is life on Titan.
Apr 28, 2010
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Apr 28, 2010
Rank: 2 / 5 (4)
Since Viking NASA has not sent any instruments to specifically detect life processes or by-products of life such as optically pure aminoacids, though those instruments would be much smaller, sensitive, and specific than what was sent on Viking and on that obfuscation mission Phoenix. That mission, sent to the polar region where any life would have been frozen and decomposed millions of yrs ago from radiation, should have been sent to wet areas (seen in photographs) at lower latitudes so it's primitive mini-muffle furnace could decompose any organic compounds to inorganic carbon, nitrogen, water, etc. Why? Only NASA knows.
Apr 28, 2010
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (2)
Apr 28, 2010
Rank: 4.2 / 5 (5)
Yes, the religious and ethical implications are enormous. They are on opposite sides of the spectrum, but they exist.
Apr 28, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (4)
Well the problem is it obscures whether life on Earth came from Mars if we contaminate the planet with non-native life before we can perform the research.
Apr 29, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (4)
But the fact that even a terrestial lifeform could survive on another planet also speaks volumes on the same fronts....
May 01, 2010
Rank: 3 / 5 (2)
Our DNA insists that we seed the Universe with the pathogen that is Man. Of course we will take our critters along as well.