Super-complex organic molecules found in interstellar space
June 21, 2010
Image of the anthracene band recently identified in the Perseus star formation region by researchers from the IAC and the University of Texas. This molecule is formed by three hexagonal rings of carbon atoms surrounded by hydrogen atoms. Credit: Gaby Perez and Susana Iglesias-Groth
(PhysOrg.com) -- A team of scientists from the Instituto Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) and the University of Texas has succeeded in identifying one of the most complex organic molecules yet found in the material between the stars, the so-called interstellar medium. The discovery of anthracene could help resolve a decades-old astrophysical mystery concerning the production of organic molecules in space. The researchers report their findings in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
'We have detected the presence of anthracene molecules in a dense cloud in the direction of the star Cernis 52 in Perseus, about 700 light years from the Sun,' explains Susana Iglesias Groth, the IAC researcher heading the study.
In her opinion, the next step is to investigate the presence of amino acids. Molecules like anthracene are prebiotic, so when they are subjected to ultraviolet radiation and combined with water and ammonia, they could produce amino acids and other compounds essential for the development of life
'Two years ago,' says Iglesias, 'we found proof of the existence of another organic molecule, naphthalene, in the same place, so everything indicates that we have discovered a star formation region rich in prebiotic chemistry.' Until now, anthracene had been detected only in meteorites and never in the interstellar medium. Oxidized forms of this molecule are common in living systems and are biochemically active. On our planet, oxidized anthracene is a basic component of aloe and has anti-inflammatory properties.
The new finding suggests that a good part of the key components in terrestrial prebiotic chemistry could be present in interstellar matter.
Since the 1980s, hundreds of bands found in the spectrum of the interstellar medium, known as diffuse spectroscopic bands, have been known to be associated with interstellar matter, but their origin has not been identified until now. This discovery indicates that they could result from molecular forms based on anthracene or naphthalene. Since they are widely distributed in interstellar space, they might have played a key role in the production of many of the organic molecules present at the time of the formation of the Solar System.
The results are based on observations carried out at the William Herschel Telescope at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma in the Canary Islands and with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope in Texas in the United States.
More information: The new work appears in the paper “Anthracene cations toward the Perseus molecular complex", S. Iglesias Groth S., Manchado A., Rebolo R., González J. I., García Hernández A. (IAC); Lambert D. L. (McDonald Observatory, University of Texas), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, in press. A preprint of the paper can be seen at http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.4388
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Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (1)
Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 2.3 / 5 (9)
We already know ET exists. Question is, what does he look like and how advanced is he.
Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (5)
In the physical telescope, they cover/blackout near/bright stars to provide better resolution of the target object. 90% sure that is what this is.
Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (2)
Say that three times fast.
I know what ET looks like. I'm prety sure I was married to one of them. :)
Seriously, I wonder what the level of confidence in this observation actually is. If I'm reading this right, there is at least some amount of interpretation, such as the way we estimate the distance to distant stars with variable stars.
Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (6)
Please repost this in readable English. I have NO idea what you said here. Please do not take offense if English is not a familiar language to you.
Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 4.6 / 5 (5)
Jun 21, 2010
Rank: 2.8 / 5 (8)
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 3 / 5 (3)
But considering how we have used most sections of said knowledge to do pretty huge things, even leaving the standard planetary orbit area of our star with a satellite, the chances of that knowledge being incorrect are unlikely too. (well, most of it at least)
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 3.2 / 5 (6)
We're realtively certain of how abiogenesis could work on several differeing methodologies. We've proved that one of these processes is and was quite possible on Earth. Considering the numbers of stars and planets to say that life will only be found on earth is utterly retarded. The law of large numbers states that it must be true, that is unless oyu know of some boundary ocndition that makes us special. Well, do you?
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 3.4 / 5 (5)
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (9)
So what are you saying, Skeptic - that you now have certainty that life arose spontaneously?
Which process[es] are you talking about and why isn't the popular press flooded with news that the scientists have discovered how life arose on earth?
Can you enlighten us as to exactly how life started out from purely chemical means on earth?
Please do.
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 1.6 / 5 (14)
Considering that the same chemical properties and physical processes need to be overcome in all of those quantillions of planets, it is not as retarded as you might think.
You still need to overcome the chemical barriers of activation energy and the right-handed and left-handedness of the amino acids and sugars that make up the DNA molecule. Doesn't matter where in the universe you are. You still need to encapsulate all of the cell's contents within a very special membrane at the right temperature whilst excluding the poisons to the outside.
You still need to kickstart the whole process called LIFE even when you have all the ingredients. You do know that secular history records firmly that nothing that has died has ever come back to life spontaneously, all by itself? Even though all the ingredients for life was present?
So how DID life arise on earth?
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 1.5 / 5 (2)
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (5)
Feel free to show us the excellent evidences you have that are contrary to my statement. Keep in mind, if you don't want me to embarass you, you better have at least a masters in biology and chemistry.
Here come several posts...
1) lipids are formed rather readily on Earth, fact and evidenced.
2) Lipids have a natural affinity for one another due to polarization. Typically in aqueous solution they will form vesicles that are permeable to monomers under pressure provided by heat.
3) Monomers under increased heat will not bond however once situation cool the natural affinity between monomers will create polymers that...
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (5)
4) Lipid vesicles by virtue of natural afinity and polarization will consume each other creating larger vesicles. Effectively, they eat each other and grow.
5) These vesicles can be divided through mechanical means (ie: tidal action), during this division the contents are not lost due to endopressure. This is reproduction.
So now we have a cell, with primitive coding structures that eat and reproduce. Through mechanical division you will now have a diversity of forms of archaeic life. Thus evolution begins. Coding structures that provide for lipid and monomer synthesis would be selected for due to the lack of need for external components. Coding structures that are skewed in content to absorb more of the locally available material will grow and reproduce faster. That is abiogenesis and the advent of evolution post abiogenesis. No magic necessary. Thermodynamics and basic chemistry.
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (4)
Bonus points to whoever knows which one we use.
Jun 22, 2010
Rank: 4.7 / 5 (3)
Jun 23, 2010
Rank: 1 / 5 (8)
Jun 23, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (5)
I don't understand how an empathic human being would submit to and collude with the capriciousness of a "creator" or "intelligent designer" who is nothing but an inhuman monster watching indifferently or even with amusement the pain and suffering of his creatures. Assumptions of this kind are neither reasonable nor falsifiable.
Jun 23, 2010
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (4)
I'm not picking on him, I'm educating him. Most people on the level with modern science don't need this education.
Jun 23, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (5)
This is again a result of evolution. The protein structures probably evolved first followed by an alteration of lipid synthesis through mutation. Easy to explain away, just as almost everything else you're going to bring up. Now if you want exact step b6y step processes, that's outside of my knowledge base, but I'd be happy to consult my molecular biologist buddies and get back to you on what we think happened and what we know happened. Most of this would reside in the hypothesis area as there are potentially trillions of different mutations that could lead to this occurance.
Now if you call out "Irreducable Complexity!" I'm going to refer you to the fact IC isn't only accounted for but required by the Theory of Evolution.
Jun 26, 2010
Rank: 4.5 / 5 (4)
Jun 26, 2010
Rank: 2 / 5 (1)
Jun 26, 2010
Rank: 4 / 5 (1)
Thank you. I think the only way to address people who are grossly uninformed is to inform them and allow them to come around or refuse to as they so choose. Of course, if they refuse, I'm more than happy to begin ridicule.
Jun 28, 2010
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
There are actually three forms of DNA, A,B,and Z. Most life on Earth uses B, but there is some evidence for Z-DNA being used during transcription. The DNA needs to be untwisted for copying, and there is some evidence that B-DNA is curled backwards (Z-DNA), during processing.
A-DNA also occurs naturally, but is mostly found in dessicated cells. These may not be dead--add water and the A-DNA becomes B-DNA and active.
Finally, there are RNA analogs to all three DNA forms, and there is some belief that life started with RNA only--the magic of DNA and cell nuclei as a way to produce multi-cellular life seems to have taken over a billion years to evolve.
Jun 28, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
also to introduce a new 'twist' i would like to ask the forum two questions:
1) if we were visited by sentient ET, what would he be like? society/individuality/religion/biology/technology ('if we were visited' + 'sentient' eliminates lazy vegetable races)
2) what do you think the result of our interaction would be?
i am asking for a distilled answer from your own heart - not an essay per se - but a scenario that would make sense. sorry to hijack the forum (if it works) but i am made of super-complex organic molecules and that is how i roll.
Jul 19, 2010
Rank: not rated yet
It's not only not fair, it is a symptom of intellectual bankruptcy to generalize this way.
Not with my consent. This being would have to justify what it has done unto us.