How do Lactobacilli treat Helicobacter pylori-related diseases?

Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide, the major virulent factor of H. pylori, triggers interleukin-8 production in gastric epithelia through activating Toll-like receptor 4 pathways, leading to gastric mucosal inflammation. A research team in China demonstrated that Lactobacillus bulgaricus decreased H. pylori Sydney strain 1 lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-8 production through inhibiting the activation of Toll-like receptor 4.