DNA profiling
hideDNA profiling (also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or genetic fingerprinting) is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a person's DNA makeup, which can also be used as the person's identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing.
Although 99.9% of human DNA sequences are the same in every person, enough of the DNA is different to distinguish one individual from another. DNA profiling uses repetitive ("repeat") sequences that are highly variable, called variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). VNTRs loci are very similar between closely related humans, but so variable that unrelated individuals are extremely unlikely to have the same VNTRs.
The DNA profiling technique was first reported in 1985 by Sir Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester in England, and is now the basis of several national DNA databases.
For more information about DNA profiling, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
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News tagged with dna testing
Mexican labs target adulterers with DNA testing
Nov 20, 2009 |
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Suspect your significant other might be cheating on you? In Mexico, numerous laboratories are now offering a way to find out for sure -- DNA tests.
Ancient penguin DNA raises doubts about accuracy of genetic dating techniques
Nov 10, 2009 |
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Penguins that died 44,000 years ago in Antarctica have provided extraordinary frozen DNA samples that challenge the accuracy of traditional genetic aging measurements, and suggest those approaches have been ...
Age-specific evaluation of HPV DNA testing vs. cytology screening
Nov 10, 2009 |
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing with cytology triage is more sensitive than conventional cytology screening for detecting cervical lesions, according to a new study published online November 9 in the Journal of th ...
Genetic tests for UK asylum seekers draw criticism
Nov 05, 2009 |
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(AP) -- Britain is using genetic tests on some African asylum seekers in an effort to catch those who are lying about their nationality, drawing criticism from scientists and provoking outrage from rights ...
New Test Results Deepen Mystery Surrounding Explorer Everett Ruess
Other Sciences / Archaeology & Fossils
Oct 22, 2009 |
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(PhysOrg.com) -- A University of Colorado at Boulder analysis of a skeleton found in Utah that initially indicated the remains were likely that of Southwest artist and poet Everett Ruess, who mysteriously disappeared in the ...
DNA test could be key to targeting treatments for head and neck cancer
Oct 05, 2009 |
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It is estimated that more than 7,000 people are diagnosed with head and neck cancer each year in the UK and approximately 3,500 cases result in death. These cancers include tumours of the mouth, lips, throat and voice-box, ...
Israeli scientists find way to combat forged DNA
Aug 20, 2009 |
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Israeli scientists have developed new technology to fight biological identity theft after realising that DNA evidence found at crime scenes can be easily falsified.
China panda gives birth to twins: state media
Aug 19, 2009 |
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A giant panda in northern China has given birth to twins, state media said Wednesday in rare good news for a species facing the threat of extinction.
Faster, more cost-effective DNA test for crime scenes, disease diagnosis
Chemistry / Analytical Chemistry
Jul 08, 2009 |
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Scientists in Japan are reporting development of a faster, less expensive version of the fabled polymerase chain reaction (PCR) a DNA test widely used in criminal investigations, disease diagnosis, biological ...
Proteins in gel
Jun 24, 2009 |
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Biochips carrying thousands of DNA fragments are widely used for examining genetic material. Experts would also like to have biochips on which proteins are anchored. This requires a gel layer which can now ...
Improved DNA stool test could detect digestive cancers in multiple organs
Jun 02, 2009 |
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Mayo Clinic researchers have demonstrated that a noninvasive screening test can detect not only colorectal cancer but also the common cancers above the colon -- including pancreas, stomach, biliary and esophageal cancers. ...
Test of Lincoln DNA sought to prove cancer theory
Apr 18, 2009 |
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(AP) -- John Sotos has a theory about why Abraham Lincoln was so tall, why he appeared to have lumps on his lips and even why he had gastrointestinal problems. The 16th president, he contends, had a rare ...
HPV testing followed by cytology and repeat HPV testing may improve cervical cancer screening
Jan 13, 2009 |
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The use of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing as an initial screening step followed by triage with a standard Pap test (cytology) and repeat HPV DNA testing may increase the accuracy of cervical cancer screening, according ...
