News tagged with nitrate
New study sheds light on evolutionary origin of oxygen-based cellular respiration
Researchers at the RIKEN SPring-8 Center in Harima, Japan, have clarified the crystal structure of quinol dependent nitric oxide reductase (qNOR), a bacterial enzyme that offers clues on the origins of our ...
Jan 22, 2012 |
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New climate-cooling molecule found
Scientists have succeeded in detecting and analyzing a new atmospheric molecule whose existence has long been suspected but never proved.
Space & Earth / Earth Sciences
Jan 16, 2012 |
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A dance of aerosols: Study shows plant-sourced particles pick and choose their partners
(PhysOrg.com) -- In the complex molecular mixer that is the atmosphere, some molecules dance with others and some are wallflowers, according to scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Using a ...
Space & Earth / Earth Sciences
Dec 20, 2011 |
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What are the prospects for sustaining high-quality groundwater?
Intensive agriculture practices developed during the past century have helped improve food security for many people but have also added to nitrate pollution in surface and groundwaters. New research has looked at water quality ...
Dec 19, 2011 |
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Graphene's 'Big Mac' creates next generation of chips
The world's thinnest, strongest and most conductive material, discovered in 2004 at the University of Manchester by Professor Andre Geim and Professor Kostya Novoselov, has the potential to revolutionize material ...
Nanotechnology / Nanomaterials
Oct 09, 2011 |
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Nitrate levels rising in northwestern Pacific ocean: study
Changes in the ratio of nitrate to phosphorus in the oceans off the coasts of Korea and Japan caused by atmospheric and riverine pollutants may influence the makeup of marine plants and influence marine ecology, according ...
Sep 22, 2011 |
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Nitrogen in the soil cleans the air
Eutrophication harms the environment in many ways. Unexpectedly, nitrogen fertilizer may also be positive for the environment. And even acidic soils, promoting the destruction of forests, can have a positive ...
Aug 19, 2011 |
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Dozens of boars found dead on French beach
Dozens of wild boars have turned up dead this month around a beach in western France, officials say, as they suspect poisonous blue-green algae for the deaths.
Jul 27, 2011 |
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No link found between cured meat and pancreatic cancer
(Medical Xpress) -- Previous research has suggested that the consumption of cured meat may have a possible link to pancreatic cancer risk however a new study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology shows that t ...
Jul 05, 2011 |
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Nitrogen guidelines for cereal forages
Cereal grains such as wheat and barley are viable alternative hay crops and can provide valuable grazing opportunities. Due to drought resistance, good yields and ability to break pest cycles of perennial crops, annual forages ...
Jun 24, 2011 |
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Nitrates in meat blamed in Chinese man's death
(AP) -- A Chinese butcher was sentenced to life in prison on Saturday for adding industrial grade nitrates to meat that was blamed in a man's poisoning death,
Jun 11, 2011 |
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Dietary inorganic nitrate may reduce heart dysfunction caused by powerful anti-cancer drug
Virginia Commonwealth University researchers have found that nutrient supplementation, like the kind that is found in leafy greens, spinach and lettuce, may reduce the damage to the heart caused by a powerful anti-cancer ...
Medicine & Health / Cardiology
May 19, 2011 |
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Nitrate fertiliser wasted on sugarcane
(PhysOrg.com) -- Rising nitrogen fertiliser application to sugarcane crops globally and the potential for this fertiliser to be leached from soil and lost to the atmosphere have been highlighted in a new study led by The ...
May 09, 2011 |
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Biodiversity improves water quality in streams through a division of labor
Biologically diverse streams are better at cleaning up pollutants than less rich waterways, and a University of Michigan ecologist says he has uncovered the long-sought mechanism that explains why this is ...
Apr 06, 2011 |
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Want more efficient muscles? Eat your spinach
(PhysOrg.com) -- After taking a small dose of inorganic nitrate for three days, healthy people consume less oxygen while riding an exercise bike. A new study in the February issue of Cell Metabolism traces ...
Feb 01, 2011 |
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Nitrate
The nitrate ion is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula NO− 3 and a molecular mass of 62.0049 g/mol. It is the conjugate base of nitric acid, consisting of one central nitrogen atom surrounded by three identically-bonded oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement. The nitrate ion carries a formal charge of -1. This results from a combination formal charge in which each of the three oxygens carries a −2⁄3 charge, whereas the nitrogen carries a +1 charge, all these adding up to formal charge of the polyatomic nitrate ion.
This arrangement is commonly used as an example of resonance. Like the isoelectronic carbonate ion, the nitrate ion can be represented by resonance structures:
Almost all inorganic nitrate salts are soluble in water at standard temperature and pressure. A common example of an inorganic nitrate salt is potassium nitrate (saltpetre).
In organic chemistry a nitrate (not to be confused with nitro) is a functional group with general chemical formula RONO2 where R stands for any organic residue. They are the esters of nitric acid and alcohols formed by nitroxylation. Examples are methyl nitrate formed by reaction of methanol and nitric acid, the nitrate of tartaric acid, and the inaccurately-named nitroglycerin (which is actually an organic nitrate compound, not a nitro compound).
Like organic nitro compounds (see below) both organic and inorganic nitrates can be used as propellants and explosives. An example of the use of inorganic nitrate was classical gunpowder. In all these uses the thermal decomposition of the nitrate yields molecular nitrogen N2 gas plus considerable chemical energy, due to the high strength of the bond in molecular nitrogen. Especially in inorganic nitrate reactions, oxidation from the nitrate oxygens is also an important energy-releasing process.
For more information about Nitrate, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
