P53
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p53 (also known as protein 53 or tumor protein 53), is a transcription factor which in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene. p53 is important in multicellular organisms, where it regulates the cell cycle and thus functions as a tumor suppressor that is involved in preventing cancer. As such, p53 has been described as "the guardian of the genome," "the guardian angel gene," and the "master watchman," referring to its role in conserving stability by preventing genome mutation.
The name p53 is in reference to its apparent molecular mass: it runs as a 53 kilodalton (kDa) protein on SDS-PAGE. But based on calculations from its amino acid residues, p53's mass is actually only 43.7kDa. This difference is due to the high number of proline residues in the protein which slow its migration on SDS-PAGE, thus making it appear heavier than it actually is. This effect is observed with p53 from a variety of species, including humans, rodents, frogs, and fish.
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News tagged with p53
Human Mdm2: A new molecular link to late-stage metastatic breast cancer
23 hours ago |
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A large proportion of late-stage breast cancers that have spread to other parts of the body (metastatic breast cancers) are characterized by overexpression of the protein Mdm2.
Researchers find a weak link in cancer cell armor
Nov 11, 2009 |
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(PhysOrg.com) -- Professor Robert Weiss has found that when two particular genes are inhibited, cancer cells are destroyed at a greater rate. The study is published in the Nov. 9 issue of PNAS.
Antitumor activity of nutlin-3 in neuroblastoma with wild-type p53
Nov 10, 2009 |
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The small-molecule inhibitor nutlin-3 may be a viable treatment option for neuroblastoma patients with wild-type p53 activity, according to a new study published online November 10 in the Journal of the National Cancer In ...
Study shows that some malignant tumors can be shut down after all
Nov 09, 2009 |
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Oncologists have had their hands tied because more than half of all human cancers have mutations that disable a protein called p53. As a critical anti-cancer watchdog, p53 masterminds several cancer-fighting operations within ...
Protein is linked to lung cancer development
Oct 22, 2009 |
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(PhysOrg.com) -- A protein that normally helps defend cells from infection can play a critical role in the development of lung cancer, according to MIT cancer biologists.
Loss of Tumor-Suppressor and DNA-Maintenance Proteins Causes Tissue Demise, Study Finds
Oct 15, 2009 |
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(PhysOrg.com) -- A study published in the October issue of Nature Genetics demonstrates that loss of the tumor-suppressor protein p53, coupled with elimination of the DNA-maintenance protein ATR, severely disrup ...
Singapore scientists discover widely sought molecular key to understanding p53 tumor suppressor gene
Oct 13, 2009 |
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Scientists at the Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) have determined how the master gene regulator p53 could switch a gene in a cell "on" or "off" by recognizing specific sequences of nucleotides in the gene's DNA.
Research points to potential chink in cancer's armor
Oct 06, 2009 |
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Scientists at the University of York have identified and successfully silenced a gene that appears essential to cancer cell survival.
Roles of S100A2 and p63 in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Sep 17, 2009 |
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As a member of the S100 family, S100A2 is considered a candidate tumor-suppressor gene. Recently, p63 gene, a new member of the p53 gene family, has been studied in the fields of tumorigenesis, cell apoptosis and tissue growth. ...
Tumor suppressor pulls double shift as reprogramming watchdog
Aug 09, 2009 |
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A collaborative study by researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies uncovered that the tumor suppressor p53, which made its name as "guardian of the genome", not only stops cells that could become ...
Tumor mutations can predict chemo success
Aug 06, 2009 |
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(PhysOrg.com) -- New work by MIT cancer biologists shows that the interplay between two key genes that are often defective in tumors determines how cancer cells respond to chemotherapy.
Protein can help cells or cause cancer, researcher finds
Jul 07, 2009 |
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A Purdue University scientist has discovered a key process in cell growth that can lead to the formation of tumors.
The 2 faces of Mdmx: Why some tumors don't respond to radiation and chemotherapy
Jul 06, 2009 |
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A tightly controlled system of checks and balances ensures that a powerful tumor suppressor called p53 keeps a tight lid on unchecked cell growth but doesn't wreak havoc in healthy cells. In their latest study, ...
Researchers pinpoint a new enemy for tumor-suppressor p53
Jun 26, 2009 |
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Researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have identified a protein that marks the tumor suppressor p53 for destruction, providing a potential new avenue for restoring p53 in cancer ...
Potent metastasis inhibitor identified
Jun 22, 2009 |
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Researchers at Children's Hospital Boston have isolated a potent inhibitor of tumor metastasis made by tumor cells, one that could potentially be harnessed as a cancer treatment. Their findings were published in the online ...
