News tagged with phenotypes
Researchers weigh methods to more accurately measure genome sequencing
Lost in the euphoria of the 2003 announcement that the human genome had been sequenced was a fundamental question: how can we be sure that an individual's genome has been read correctly?
Feb 03, 2012 |
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Resequencing 50 accessions of rice cast new light on molecular breeding
BGI, the world's largest genomics organization, announced that a study on resequencing 50 accessions of cultivated and wild rice was published online today in Nature Biotechnology. The study provides one of the largest genome ...
Dec 11, 2011 |
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Study shows promising multiple sclerosis treatment targets immune cells to increase neuroprotection
Laquinimod is an orally available synthetic compound that has been successfully evaluated in phase II/III clinical studies for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The mechanism of action of laquinimod ...
Dec 06, 2011 |
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Infectious fungus, thought to be asexual, isn't: More evidence of sex in the Candida genus
The fungi of the Candida genus, known to millions of patients worldwide for their ability to cause serious infections, were once all thought to be asexual. Even after scientists discovered that the mating habits of Candid ...
Dec 05, 2011 |
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Researchers use yeast to help piece together human genome sequence jigsaw
Using yeast as a model, a team of Spanish researchers has made predictions about how individuals differ from one another by analysing genome sequences.
Nov 17, 2011 |
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'Junk DNA' defines differences between humans and chimps
For years, scientists believed the vast phenotypic differences between humans and chimpanzees would be easily explained – the two species must have significantly different genetic makeups. However, when ...
Oct 25, 2011 |
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Genetically influenced responses to alcohol affect brain activation both with and without alcohol
A low level of response (LR) to alcohol is a genetically influenced characteristic, or phenotype, that reflects at least in part a low brain response to alcohol, and carries significant risk for the later development of alcoholism. ...
Oct 14, 2011 |
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New class of stem cell-like cells discovered offers possibility for spinal cord repair
The Allen Institute for Brain Science announced today the discovery of a new class of cells in the spinal cord that act like neural stem cells, offering a fresh avenue in the search for therapies to treat spinal cord injury ...
Sep 15, 2011 |
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Speeding up evolution: Orchid epigenetics
Organisms adapt to their dynamic environment using various strategies. Ovidiu Paun, working at the Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, investigates how marsh orchids adjust to and diffuse in ...
Jul 28, 2011 |
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Research makes plant breeding easier
University of Illinois research has resulted in the development of a novel and widely applicable molecular tool that can serve as a road map for making plant breeding easier to understand. Researchers developed ...
Jan 04, 2011 |
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The amount of adipose tissue should be taken into account in the fight against obesity
Obesity is seen as the great pandemia of the XXI century. Recent data point to more than a billion adults in the world suffering from overweight, of which 300 million are clinically obese. What is more, the rates of child ...
Dec 29, 2010 |
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Scientists identify key protein controlling blood vessel growth into brains of mice
One protein single-handedly controls the growth of blood vessels into the developing brains of mice embryos, according to researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine. Understanding how the protein, a cellular ...
Nov 11, 2010 |
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Grandparents favor genetically close grandchildren
(PhysOrg.com) -- New research suggests that grandparents naturally and subconsciously favor the grandchildren who are most closely related to them genetically. The phenomenon is called "sexually antagonistic ...
Apr 29, 2010 |
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Singapore scientists develop zebrafish model for studying Parkinson's Disease
Scientists at the Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), a biomedical research institute of the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), have recently developed a zebrafish model for Parkinson's disease that can ...
Apr 22, 2010 |
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Genome mapping technique speeds process of finding specific genes
(PhysOrg.com) -- A Purdue University scientist was part of a global team that has demonstrated a specialized mapping technique that could speed work in genomic fields by quickly finding genetic associations that shape an ...
Mar 25, 2010 |
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Phenotype
A phenotype is an organism's observable characteristics or traits: such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior (such as a bird's nest). Phenotypes result from the expression of an organism's genes as well as the influence of environmental factors and the interactions between the two.
The genotype of an organism is the inherited instructions it carries within its genetic code. Not all organisms with the same genotype look or act the same way because appearance and behavior are modified by environmental and developmental conditions. Similarly, not all organisms that look alike necessarily have the same genotype.
This genotype-phenotype distinction was proposed by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism's heredity and what that heredity produces. The distinction is similar to that proposed by August Weismann, who distinguished between germ plasm (heredity) and somatic cells (the body). The Genotype-Phenotype concept should not be confused with Francis Crick's central dogma of molecular biology which is a statement about the directionality of molecular sequential information flowing from DNA to protein (but which cannot become transferred from proteins).
For more information about Phenotype, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
